Hollow cone spray nozzles
When the spray pressure, spray flow rate and spray angle are the same, the average particle size of the hollow cone nozzle is the smallest. When the average particle diameter is small, the surface area of the treated workpiece is increased, and the treatment is more delicate,and it also has a large effect to the movement, and the hollow cone nozzle produces better effects on gas cooling, air humidification, metal treatment, dust control, gas cleaning, and chemical use. In the hollow cone nozzle, because the liquid is sprayed through a single hole by centrifugation, it has the largest unobstructed diameter, which is an ideal choice for liquids that are prone to sedimentation, and it can minimize the clogging.
Full cone spray nozzle
There are two types of hollow cone nozzles. The common type is equipped with built-in swirl vanes. The special type is installed without built-in swirl vanes. The full cone spray produces a uniform distribution , droplet size from medium to large . The spray area is uniform round shape, suitable for washing and rinsing, dust removal, electronic circuit board etching, cleaning.
Flat Fan spray nozzle
The fan nozzle present the liquid to be fan-jetted, and the impact force is larger than the hollow cone and full cone. In order to obtain a more uniform flow distribution when installing several fan-shaped nozzles, the distribution design is generally distributed in a mountain shape. The difference of the flow distribution, spray height, the distance of the mounting locations, spray pressure, and the nature of the liquid, If there are errors in the performance of multiple nozzles, the design and actual values will be inconsistent.
The nozzle will choose different strainer according to the different situation,big particle diameter will choose the big strainer, if small will choose the small one,the strainer’s size is depended on the mesh number
Viscosity
When the liquid flow,it will occur the friction between the molecules,we call this character is stickiness,the size of stickiness Is viscosity , and it is used to characterize the resistance factor related to the properties of the liquid. The viscosity of the liquid is a major factor affecting the shape of the spray, it also has the effect to the flow rate. Compared to water,high viscosity liquid will need more high bottom limited pressure, and forming the more smaller spray angle.
Surface Tension
Changing the temperature ,it can’t change the spray character, but it will be affected by the viscosity,surface tension and specific gravity.
Temperature
The surface tension is the tension of the liquid surface layer acting on any boundary along the surface due to the unbalanced gravitational attraction of the molecular gravitational force. The nature of the surface tension is more pronounced at the low working pressure. The higher surface tension reduces the spray angle, especially for hollow cones and flat fan spray nozzles.
| Increase in Operating Pressure | Increase in Specific Gravity | Increase in Viscosity | Increase in Fluid Temperature | Increase in Surface Tension | |
| Pattern Quality | Improves | Negligible | Deteriorates | Improves | Negligible |
| Capacity | Increases | Decreases | * | ** | No Effect |
| Spray Angle | Increase Then Decreases | Negligible | Decreases | Increases | Decreases |
| Drop Size | Decreases | Negligible | Increases | Decreases | Increases |
| Velocity | Increases | Decreases | Decreases | Increases | Negligible |
| Impact | Increases | Negligible | Decreases | Increases | Negligible |
| Wear | Increases | Negligible | Decreases | ** | No Effect |
The spray flow rate is roughly proportional to the square root of the spray pressure under the same medium condition. The flow rate of any nozzle under a certain pressure can calculate the flow rate of any pressure. The known spray flow rate is Q1, and the corresponding pressure is F1. When the known pressure is F2, the unknown flow Qx has the relationship
Spray Nozzle Maintenance Tips
Clean Nozzles RegularlyConversion Unit Table
| Length | |||||
| μm | mm | cm | m | in | ft |
| 1 | 1x10-3 | 1x10-4 | 1x10-6 | 3.94x10-5 | 3.28x10-6 |
| 1000 | 1 | 0.1 | 1x10-3 | 3.94x10-2 | 3.28x10-3 |
| 1x104 | 10 | 1 | 1x10-2 | 3.94x10-1 | 3.28x10-2 |
| 1x106 | 1x103 | 100 | 1 | 3.94x10 | 3.28 |
| 2.54x104 | 25.4 | 2.54 | 2.54x10-2 | 1 | 8.33x10-2 |
| 3.05x105 | 3.05x102 | 3.05x10 | 3.05x10-1 | 12 | 1 |
| Flow Rate | ||||||
| L/min | m3/min | m3/h | in3/h | ft3/h | (US)gal/min | (UK)gal/min |
| 1 | 0.001 | 0.06 | 3.66x103 | 2.12 | 0.264 | 0.22 |
| 1000 | 1 | 60 | 3.66x106 | 2.12x103 | 264 | 220 |
| 16.67 | 0.017 | 1 | 6.10x104 | 35.3 | 4.4 | 3.67 |
| 2.73x10-4 | 2.7x10-7 | 1.64x10-5 | 1 | 5.79x10-4 | 7.22x10-5 | 60.1x10-5 |
| 0.472 | 4.72x104 | 0.028 | 1.728 | 1 | 0.125 | 0.104 |
| 3.79 | 0.004 | 0.227 | 1.39x104 | 8.02 | 1 | 0.833 |
| 4.55 | 0.005 | 0.273 | 1.66x104 | 9.63 | 1.2 | 1 |
| Pressure | ||||||
| Kpa | Bar | kg/cm2 | ib/in2(p,si) | Atm | MHg | MH2o(mAg) |
| 1 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.145 | 9.87x103 | 7.5x10-3 | 0.102 |
| 100 | 1 | 1.02 | 14.5 | 0.987 | 0.75 | 10.2 |
| 98.07 | 0.981 | 1 | 14.22 | 0.968 | 0.736 | 10.01 |
| 6.89 | 0.069 | 0.07 | 1 | 0.068 | 0.052 | 0.704 |
| 1.01x102 | 1.013 | 1.033 | 14.7 | 1 | 0.76 | 10.34 |
| 1.33x102 | 1.33 | 1.36 | 19.3 | 1.32 | 1 | 13.61 |
| 9.807 | 0.098 | 0.1 | 1.42 | 0.097 | 0.073 | 1 |
| Volume | |||||
| cm2 | L | M3(KI) | ft3 | gal(UK) | gal(US) |
| 1 | 1X10-3 | 1X10-6 | 3.53x10-5 | 2.2x10-4 | 2.64x10-4 |
| 1000 | 1 | 1X10-3 | 3.52x10-2 | 0.22 | 0.264 |
| 1X10 | 1000 | 1 | 353 | 220 | 264 |
| 2.83X104 | 28.3 | 2.83X10-2 | 1 | 0.623 | 0.749 |
| 4.55X103 | 4.55 | 4.55x10-3 | 1.6 | 1 | 1.2 |
| 3.79X103 | 3.79 | 3.79x10-3 | 1.34 | 0.833 | 1 |
| Water Flow and Matched Pipe Diameter | Water Flow and Matched Pipe Diameter | ||||||||
| Pipe Diameter | Steel Pipe | Flow Rate(L/min) based on Pipe 10M & Press damage 0.01-0.03mpa | Pipe Diameter | Steel Pipe | Flow Rate(L/min) based on Pipe 10M & Press damage 0.01-0.03mpa | ||||
| A | B | Int.D | Ext.D | A | B | Int.D | Ext.D | ||
| 6A | 1/8B | 6.5 | 10.5 | 1.3-2.2 | 40A | 1-1/2B | 41.6 | 48.6 | 120-210 |
| 8A | 1/4B | 9.2 | 13.8 | 3-5.2 | 50A | 2B | 52.9 | 60.5 | 215-370 |
| 10A | 3/8B | 12.7 | 17.3 | 7-12 | 65A | 2-1/2B | 67.9 | 76.3 | 410-700 |
| 15A | 1/2B | 16.1 | 21.7 | 12-21 | 80A | 3B | 80.7 | 89.1 | 680-1200 |
| 20A | 3/4B | 21.6 | 27.2 | 22-38 | 100A | 4B | 105.3 | 114.3 | 1200-2100 |
| 25A | 1B | 27.6 | 34 | 38-65 | 125A | 5B | 130.8 | 139.8 | 2100-3600 |
| 32A | 1-1/4B | 35.7 | 42.7 | 70-120 | 150A | 6B | 155.2 | 165.2 | 3300-5700 |
| Area | |||
| cm2 | m2 | in2 | ft2 |
| 1 | 1x10-4 | 0.155 | 1.08x10-6 |
| 1x104 | 1 | 1.55x103 | 10.8 |
| 6.45 | 6.45x10-4 | 1 | 6.94x10-3 |
| 9.30x102 | 9.30x10-2 | 1.44x102 | 1 |
| Others | ||
| Viscosity | 1p=100cP | |
| Weight | 1st=100cst | |
| 1ib=0.454kg | ||
| Temperature | [°F]=（[°C]x5/9)+32 | |
| [°C]=5/9（[°F]-32) | ||
